Table 2 GRADE evidence profile: reduction of concentration of Campylobacter spp. in broilers at slaughter
Quality assessment | Summary of findings | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Studies (design) | Limitations | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Publication bias | Control (log10 cfu/g ± SD) | Treated (log10 cfu/g ± SD) | Reduction (log10 cfu/g) | Quality |
Ferric tyrosine chelate, 0.05 g/kg, slaughter at day 42 (2 RCT) | |||||||||
[27] | No serious limitations | No serious inconsistency | Serious indirectness (not field study) | No serious imprecision | Serious publication bias (funding) | 4.799 ± NA | 2.399a ± NA | 2.400 | ⊕⊕⊕⊕ High |
[28] | No serious limitations | No serious inconsistency | Serious indirectness (not field study) | No serious imprecision | Serious publication bias (funding) | 5.86 ± NA | 3.81 ± NA | 2.05 | ⊕⊕⊕O Moderate |
Ferric tyrosine chelate, 0.20 g/kg, slaughter at day 42 (3 RCT) | |||||||||
[27] | No serious limitations | No serious inconsistency | Serious indirectness (not field study) | No serious imprecision | Serious publication bias (funding) | 4.799 ± NA | 1.681 ± NA | 3.118 | ⊕⊕⊕⊕ High |
[28] | No serious limitations | No serious inconsistency | Serious indirectness (not field study) | No serious imprecision | Serious publication bias (funding) | 5.86 ± NA | 3.74 ± NA | 2.12 | ⊕⊕⊕O Moderate |
[29] | No serious limitations | No serious inconsistency | Serious indirectness (not field study) | Serious imprecision (results imprecise) | Serious publication bias (funding) | NA | NA | 2 | ⊕OOO Very low |
Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentate, 0.125% (wt/wt), slaughter day 42 (1 RCT) | |||||||||
[26] | No serious limitations | No serious inconsistency | Very serious indirectness (not field study + oral inoculation) | No serious imprecision | No publication bias found | 6.29 ± 2.20 | 3.13 ± 2.87 | 3.17 | ⊕⊕⊕O Moderate |
Butyrate coated on microbeads, 0.300% (wt/wt), slaughter day 42 (1 RCT) | |||||||||
[26] | No serious limitations | Serious inconsistency (because of lack of consensus) | Very serious indirectness (not field study + oral inoculation) | No serious imprecision | No publication bias found | 6.29 ± 2.20 | 4.16 ± 2.67 | 2.13 | ⊕⊕OO Low |
Formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and sorbic acid, 0.075%, slaughter at day 42 (1 OBS) | |||||||||
[25] | No serious limitations | No serious inconsistency | No serious indirectness | No serious imprecision | Serious publication bias (funding) | 6.25 ± 0.93 | 1.99 ± 1.62 | 4.26 | ⊕⊕OO Low |