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Table 3 Time (minutes) elapsed between the end of S-ketamine administration and the occurrence of significant events

From: Clinical and pharmacokinetic evaluation of S-ketamine for intravenous general anaesthesia in horses undergoing field castration

 

Group 1

Group 2

Parameters

Median (IQR)

Range [Min-Max]

Median (IQR)

Range [Min-Max]

T_palpebral

14 (10.5–14.7)

[8–20]

10 (9–16)

[7–20]

T_surgery

15 (13–16.5)

[11–18.6]

18.6 (15–19.8)

[14.9–23]

T_movement

25 (22.5–29.5)

[16.2–41.2]

12.6 (11.5–14.5)

[10.5–17]

T_sternal

28.8 (26–34.2)

[20–42.7]

30 (26.9–36)

[24–39.2]

T_standing

32.6 (26–37.2)

[20–49]

32.9 (30.6–39)

[27–40]

  1. “Group 1” (n = 20) horses that received a single injection of S-ketamine.
  2. “Group 2” (n = 7) horses that received additional injection(s) of S-ketamine during the procedure.
  3. T_palpebral: Time from anaesthesia induction until appearance of a brisk palpebral reflex; T_surgery: Time from anaesthesia induction until termination of the surgical procedure; T_movement: Time from anaesthesia induction until appearance of first movement; T_sternal: Time from anaesthesia induction until return to sternal position; T_standing: Time from anaesthesia induction until return to standing position.