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Table 1 Pharmacokinetic parameters (median (range)) in plasma following flunixin meglumine (2.2 mg/kg) given intravenously, intramuscularly and orally to 6 Norwegian dairy goats.

From: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamic Effects of Flunixin after Intravenous, Intramuscular and Oral Administration to Dairy Goats

  

Route of administration

parameter

unit

i.v. (n = 6)

i.m. (n = 6)

p.o. (n = 6)

AUC

h/μg/ml

21

(14–36)

16

(14–19)

12

(7.5–17)

CL

ml/h/kg

110

(60–160)

-

 

-

 

Vdss

l/kg

0.35

(0.23–0.41)

-

 

-

 

λ

l/h

0.19

(0.14–0.35)

0.20

(0.10–0.27)

0.16

(0.12–0.20)

Vdλ

l/kg

0.5

(0.4–0.8)

-

 

-

 

MRT

h

3.1

(2.1–5.9)

4.2

(3.5–4.5)

7.7

(6.0–9.3)

t1/2

h

3.6

(2.0–5.1)

3.4

(2.6–7.1)

4.2

(3.4–6.0)

Cmax1

μg/ml

-

 

6.1

(3.3–7.4)

1.2

(0.8–2.0)

Cmax2

μg/ml

-

 

-

 

1.3

(0.8–1.8)

Tmax1

h

-

 

0.37

(0.25–0.75)

0.37

(0.25–1.0)

Tmax2

h

-

 

-

 

3.5

(2.5–5)

F

%

-

 

79

(53–112)

58

(35–120)

  1. AUC = area under the concentration time curve extrapolated to infinity, CL = total body clearance, Vdss = apparent volume of distribution at steady state, λ = elimination rate constant, Vdλ = volume of distribution based on the terminal phase, MRT = mean residence time, t1/2 = half-life of the terminal phase, Cmax = maximum concentration, Tmax = time for Cmax, F = bioavailability.